Torus
A donut shape defined by a ring radius and a section radius.
Torus is a donut, defined by the radius of the ring centerline and the radius of its tube section.
Geometry
Radius 1 is the radius of the ring centerline and Radius 2 is the radius of the tube section, so the real dimensions are:
- Outer diameter =
(Radius 1 + Radius 2) × 2 - Hole diameter =
(Radius 1 − Radius 2) × 2 - Tube thickness =
Radius 2 × 2
Once Radius 2 exceeds Radius 1 the hole closes and the surface self-intersects on the inside.
Unlike most shapes, the pivot is at the center of the ring. Lying flat, the lower half of the tube sits below the pivot.
Segments divides the sweep around the ring; Sides divides the section circle.
Parameters
| Label | Script key | Default | Range | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Radius 1 | r1 | 1 | 0.01 ~ 1000 | Radius of the ring centerline, in meters |
| Radius 2 | r2 | 0.25 | 0.01 ~ 1000 | Radius of the tube section, in meters |
| Segments | seg | 24 | 3 ~ 128 | Divisions around the ring |
| Sides | sides | 12 | 2 ~ 128 | Divisions around the section |
How to create
-
Drag in empty space to set the ring radius (Radius 1).
-
Click to confirm, then move the mouse to set the section radius (Radius 2).
-
Click again to finish. Torus has no height stage.
Scene view editing
The ±X and ±Z handles drive Radius 1, and the ±Y handles drive Radius 2 (the tube thickness).
Tips
Rings, tubes, tyres, pipe joints. To scale up while keeping the tube thickness, lock Radius 2 and adjust only Radius 1.
Torus cannot produce a partial ring — use Arch or Quad Strip for that.
Script
In a script this shape is written as torus.
torus "Ring" r1=0.5 r2=0.08 seg=32 sides=12 @0,0,0
See also — Shape Type List · Creating Shapes and Modes · Scene Script Syntax